推荐编码规范
下面是 Cocos Creator 开发团队使用的编码规范,收录在手册里以供游戏开发者和工具开发者参考。
命名规范
当我们为变量, 函数和实例命名时, 使用 camelCase 命名法.
// bad var FOOBar = {}; var foo_bar = {}; function FOOBar () {} // good var fooBar = {}; function fooBar () {}
当我们为类或者模块命名时, 使用 PascalCase 命名法.
// bad var foobar = cc.Class({ foo: 'foo', bar: 'bar', }); var foobar = require('foo-bar'); // good var FooBar = cc.Class({ foo: 'foo', bar: 'bar', }); var FooBar = require('foo-bar');
使用前置下划线
_
当我们为私有属性命名// bad this.__firstName__ = 'foobar'; this.firstName_ = 'foobar'; // good this._firstName = 'foobar';
文件名我们采用 dash 命名法
// bad fooBar.js FooBar.js // good foo-bar.js
语法规范
使用
Object.create(null)
创建一个字典// bad var map = new Object(); // bad var map = {}; // good var map = Object.create(null);
使用
[]
创建一个数组// bad var array = new Array(); // good var array = [];
尽可能在 js 代码中使用单引号
''
来定义 string// bad var str = "Hello World"; // good var str = 'Hello World';
多行 string 定义时, 尽可能使用
+
定义// bad const errorMessage = 'This is a super long error that was thrown because of Batman. When you stop to think about how Batman had anything to do with this, you would get nowhere fast.'; // bad const errorMessage = 'This is a super long error that was thrown because \ of Batman. When you stop to think about how Batman had anything to do \ with this, you would get nowhere \ fast.'; // good const errorMessage = 'This is a super long error that was thrown because ' + 'of Batman. When you stop to think about how Batman had anything to do ' + 'with this, you would get nowhere fast.';
使用
===
和!==
而不是==
和!=
书写规范
根据个人习惯, 和原代码作者格式, 选择 4 个空格或者 2 个空格作为缩进
// bad function() { ∙var name; } // very bad function() { ∙∙<tab>∙∙var name; } // good function() { ∙∙var name; } // good function() { ∙∙∙∙var name; }
行尾不要留有空格,文件底部请留一个空行
// bad function () {∙ ∙∙∙∙var name;∙ } /* EOF */ // good function () { ∙∙∙∙var name; } /* EOF */
语句结尾请加
;
// bad proto.foo = function () { } // good proto.foo = function () { }; // very bad function foo () { return 'test' } // good function foo () { return 'test'; } // bad function foo () { }; // good,这里不是语句结尾 function foo () { }
尽可能将
{
和表达式放在同一行// bad if ( isFoobar ) { } // good if ( isFoobar ) { } // bad function foobar() { } // good function foobar() { } // bad var obj = { foo: 'foo', bar: 'bar', } // good var obj = { foo: 'foo', bar: 'bar', }
在
{
前请空一格// bad if (isJedi){ fight(); } else{ escape(); } // good if (isJedi) { fight(); } else { escape(); } // bad dog.set('attr',{ age: '1 year', breed: 'Bernese Mountain Dog', }); // good dog.set('attr', { age: '1 year', breed: 'Bernese Mountain Dog', });
在逻辑状态表达式 (
if
,else
,while
,switch
) 后请空一格// bad if(isJedi) { fight (); } else{ escape(); } // good if (isJedi) { fight(); } else { escape(); }
二元、三元运算符的左右请空一格
// bad var x=y+5; var left = rotated? y: x; // good var x = y + 5; var left = rotated ? y : x; // bad for (let i=0; i< 10; i++) { } // good for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) { }
一些函数的声明方式
// bad var test = function () { console.log('test'); }; // good function test () { console.log('test'); } // bad function divisibleFunction () { return DEBUG ? 'foo' : 'bar'; } // good var divisibleFunction = DEBUG ? function () { return 'foo'; } : function () { return 'bar'; }; // bad function test(){ } // good function test () { } // bad var obj = { foo: function () { } }; // good var obj = { foo () { } }; // bad array.map(x=>x + 1); array.map(x => { return x + 1; }); // good array.map(x => x + 1);
在 Block 定义之间请空一行
// bad if (foo) { return bar; } return baz; // good if (foo) { return bar; } return baz; // bad const obj = { x: 0, y: 0, foo() { }, bar() { }, }; return obj; // good const obj = { x: 0, y: 0, foo() { }, bar() { }, }; return obj;
不要使用前置逗号定义
// bad var story = [ once , upon , aTime ]; // good var story = [ once, upon, aTime, ]; // bad var hero = { firstName: 'Ada' , lastName: 'Lovelace' , birthYear: 1815 , superPower: 'computers' }; // good var hero = { firstName: 'Ada', lastName: 'Lovelace', birthYear: 1815, superPower: 'computers', };
单行注释请在斜杠后面加一个空格
//bad // good
多行注释写法
/* * good */
需要导出到 API 文档的多行注释写法
/** * good */
除了多语言 API 注释以外,代码中不允许写中文注释
// bad // 中文注释不利于非中文开发者阅读代码 // good // Please write all in file comments in English